01 - Cook the pasta in a large pot of salted boiling water according to package instructions until al dente. Drain, rinse with cold water, and set aside to cool.
02 - Grill or char the corn: Preheat a grill or a large skillet over medium-high heat. Lightly oil the corn and cook, turning occasionally, until charred in spots and tender (8–10 minutes). Let cool, then cut the kernels from the cobs. (If using frozen corn, sauté in a dry skillet until lightly golden.)
03 - In a large mixing bowl, whisk together the mayonnaise, sour cream, lime juice, chili powder, smoked paprika, cumin, salt, and black pepper until smooth.
04 - Add the cooled pasta, corn kernels, bell pepper, red onion, jalapeño, and cilantro to the bowl. Toss well to coat everything evenly in the dressing.
05 - Gently fold in the crumbled cotija cheese. Taste and adjust seasoning as needed.
06 - Chill the salad for at least 15 minutes before serving. Garnish with extra cilantro, lime wedges, and a sprinkle of chili powder, if desired.